Cardiac complexities: all we have to know about our heart

The leading cause of death worldwide is cardiovascular disease (CVD). In 2019, an estimated 17.9 million people died from CVDs, or 32% all deaths worldwide. Over 75% occur in low- and middle-income countries. Many CVDs can be prevented by identifying behavioural risk factors like poor diet, smoking, tobacco use, hyperlipedema, obesity, harmful alcohol lack physical activity. A group ailments known as diseases (CVDs) include myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular disease, coronary heart rheumatic congenital other conditions. Additionally, attacks strokes account for four out every five CVD deaths, one-third these under the age 70. Frequently, basic blood vessel goes unnoticed years. attack stroke could first symptom underlying condition. Pain discomfort middle chest, well pain left shoulder, arms, jaw, elbows, back, numbness, weakness, are signs a attack. individual experience respiratory problems fatigue, back pain. person may have shortness breath difficulty breathing, nausea vomiting, faintness light-headedness, sweating, shivering, change skin colour. Women more likely than men to nausea, breathlessness, jaw discomfort, vomiting. An array imaging studies laboratory testing used diagnose CVDs. patient's medical history family history, examination, factors, combining findings with outcomes treatments tests make up majority diagnosis World Health Organization (WHO) encourages governments manage, prevent, monitor increasing global strategies minimise incidence, mortality, morbidity diseases. Some typical performed include: Blood chest X-rays ECG EKG, Echocardiogram, Coronary angiogram, MRI, CCTA, tests. Reduced cessation reduced salt intake, increased consumption fruits vegetables, planned activity, abstinence abuse been demonstrated reduce incidence . Increasing capacity health system care CVD, distributing standards care, monitoring patterns trends inform national international initiatives. consequences which linked important socioeconomic determinants drivers including income, ageing, urbanisation, manifest raised sugar, elevated pressure, lipids, overweight.